Feeding boars for improved longevity and lifetime productivity

High productivity

DanBred's tips for feeding boars to improve longevity and lifetime productivity

A DanBred boar is not just any terminal sire, it represents an extraordinary genetic potential for reproductive performance to be released in the sow herd. Correct feeding of DanBred boars is crucial to secure long-term production of high-quality doses, hence, ensuring high productivity and maximum performance.

Get more practical advice in our On-farm Boar Manual →

Careful attention to feeding for optimised boar performance

Optimising the boar performance requires careful attention to feeding. Supplying the productive AI boars with a balanced diet has a positive impact on longevity, semen quality, and semen production.

The goal is to maintain calm and uniform boars, promoting a long career at the AI station, where culling is justified because of declining breeding index or advanced age.

From 2020 to 2022, an extensive study, led by the research institute SEGES Innovation together with DanBred and one of the world’s largest AI companies, Hatting Agro, examined the optimal feeding of AI boars. The study tested the impact of different levels of protein, lysine, and energy in feed, along with varying feeding strategies within quarantines and at the AI stations. The recorded outcome included analyses of semen concentration, backfat levels, weight gain, and uniformity.

The findings revealed that the protein level in the feed has a significant influence on weight gain and backfat levels, which had a positive impact on boar longevity.

Maintaining a high energy level in the feed is crucial for achieving the desired backfat. Interestingly, the fibre content does not directly affect the measured parameters. Additionally, reducing protein and lysine levels had no adverse effects on semen concentration, as illustrated below.

Furthermore, feeding boars more than once a day was found to result in calmer boars that are easier to handle (Sørensen, 2022).

Relation between backfat level and semen output in DanBred boars (Sørensen, 2022)

Change in backfat: + 1.7 mm

Change in semen production, boar/day: + 19 %

Support semen quality and reproductive performance with correct protein levels

Historically, boars have been fed high levels of crude protein, as this was believed to assure semen quality.

However, several studies have shown that it takes extremely low levels of crude protein (<7 % crude protein) before reproduction performance is affected (Kemp et al 1988; Louise et al 1994; Ren et al 2015, Madsen et al 2001).

Hence, the very high levels of crude protein for boars have no positive effect on neither semen concentration nor semen quality.

The DanBred experts adjust the nutrient recommendations for DanBred breeding stock on an ongoing basis to secure feeding for optimal reproductive performance. Sørensen (2022) has shown that following DanBred’s recommended nutrient levels for AI boars will lead to thicker backfat and boars that produce a higher volume of semen.

Easy steps for improving longevity and lifetime productivity of DanBred AI boars

1. Low protein in feed

Ensure the boar’s diet is low in protein to support optimal career longevity and semen output.
Aim for 11.3 % protein when feeding productive AI boars.

2. Low lysine in feed

Incorporate feed with a low lysine content to contribute to the desired balance for boar health and performance.
Aim for 0.59 % lysine when feeding productive AI boars.

3. High energy in feed

Provide feed with a high energy content to support the boar’s overall well-being and contribute to enhanced semen output.
Aim for 12.1 MJ ME / 9.4 MJ NE per kg feed when feeding productive AI boars.

4. Modest weight gain

Aim for a moderate weight gain for the boar – to maintain a healthy and sustainable growth rate.

5. Backfat at 7-8 mm

Monitor and manage the boar’s backfat levels.
Aim for an optimal range between 7-8 mm of backfat to secure longevity and reproductive success.

6. Feed intake around 3.5 kg

Control the daily feed intake, to ensure a balanced diet without overfeeding.
Aim for a feed intake of approx. 3.5 kg/day.

7. Feed twice a day

Implement a feeding schedule for AI boars that includes two meals a day to promote a consistent and controlled nutritional intake for the boar.

Recommended levels of most important nutrients

References

Sørensen, G. (2022). Personal communication, SEGES Innovation

Kemp, B.; Grooten H.J.G.; Den Hartog, L.A.; Luiting, P.; Verstgegen, M.W.A. The effect of a high protein intake on sperm production in boars at two semen collection frequencies, Animal Reproduction Science (1988), 17 103-113

Ren, Bo; Cheng, Xu; Wu; De ; Xu, Sheng-Yu; Che, Lian-Qiang; Fang, Zheng-Feng; Lv,Gang; Dong, Hong-Jun, Lin,Yan. (2015). Effect of different amino acid patterns on semen quality of boars fed with low-protein diets. Animal Reproduction Science 161 96-103.

Louise , G.F.; Lewis,A.J.; Weldon, W.C.; Miller, P.S.; Kittok, R.J.; Stroup,W.W. (1994). The effect of protein intake on boar libido, semen characteristics and plasma hormone concentrations.

Journal of Animal science Vol. 72 2038-2050.

Madsen, M.T.; Eriksen, K. (2001). Fodring af orner – et litteraturstudie med vægt på ornens reproduktionsmæssige præstation. Landsudvalget For Svin/SEGES Innovation. Report nr. 18b.